[Nature Comms] Scalable high yield exfoliation for monolayer nanosheets

 

Scalable high yield exfoliation for monolayer nanosheets

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-35569-8

A Nature Comms paper is published. Happy New Year!

Nobel Physics (1991&2021) and Granular Matter

Nature News

Nobel Physics and Granular Matter

Three researchers have won the 2021 Nobel Prize in Physics for their work on describing complex physical systems — including foundational research that created a pioneering mathematical model of Earth’s climate and predicted that increasing levels of carbon dioxide in Earth’s atmosphere would raise global temperatures.

Syukuro Manabe and Klaus Hasselmann share half of the 10-million-Swedish-kronor (US$1.15-million) prize for this modelling. Theoretical physicist Giorgio Parisi at the Sapienza University of Rome receives the other half for his contributions to the theory of complex systems. His work has affected many areas, from neuroscience to how granular materials pack, the Nobel committee said in its announcement on 5 October.

“These are two different prizes, but there is the common theme that has to do with this order, these fluctuations together that can give rise to something that we can understand and predict,” said Thors Hans Hansson, chair of the physics Nobel committee. “We can predict what is happening with the climate in the future if we know how to code the chaotic weather.”

References related to Nobel Laureate and Granular Matter

Giorgio Parisi (2021, Physics)

Long-range anomalous decay of the correlation in jammed packings

P Rissone, EI Corwin, G Parisi - Physical Review Letters, 2021

Inferring the particle-wise dynamics of amorphous solids from the local structure at the jamming point

RDH Rojas, G Parisi, F Ricci-Tersenghi - Soft Matter, 2021

Pierre-Gilles de Gennes (1991, Physics)

Many papers on the granular matter, polymers

https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=ZynkcNEAAAAJ&view_op=list_works

Particle shape matters

Shape-Anisotropy-Induced Ordered Packings in Cylindrical Confinement

Weiwei Jin (金炜炜), Ho-Kei Chan (陈浩基), and Zheng Zhong (仲政)

Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 248002 – Published 16 June 2020

https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.124.248002

ABSTRACT

Densest possible packings of identical spheroids in cylindrical confinement have been obtained through Monte Carlo simulations. By varying the shape anisotropy of spheroids and also the cylinder-to-spheroid size ratio, a variety of densest possible crystalline structures have been discovered, including achiral structures with specific orientations of particles and chiral helical structures with rotating orientations of particles. Our findings reveal a transition between confinement-induced chiral ordering and shape-anisotropy-induced orientational ordering and would serve as a guide for the fabrication of crystalline wires using anisotropic particles.

A fluid-to-solid jamming transition underlies vertebrate body axis elongation

Letter | Published: 05 September 2018

A fluid-to-solid jamming transition underlies vertebrate body axis elongation

Alessandro Mongera, Payam Rowghanian, Hannah J. Gustafson, Elijah Shelton, David A. Kealhofer, Emmet K. Carn, Friedhelm Serwane, Adam A. Lucio, James Giammona & Otger Campàs 

Nature volume 561, pages401–405 (2018)

Abstract

Just as in clay moulding or glass blowing, physically sculpting biological structures requires the constituent material to locally flow like a fluid while maintaining overall mechanical integrity like a solid. Disordered soft materials, such as foams, emulsions and colloidal suspensions, switch from fluid-like to solid-like behaviours at a jamming transition1,2,3,4. Similarly, cell collectives have been shown to display glassy dynamics in 2D and 3D5,6 and jamming in cultured epithelial monolayers7,8, behaviours recently predicted theoretically9,10,11 and proposed to influence asthma pathobiology8 and tumour progression12. However, little is known about whether these seemingly universal behaviours occur in vivo13 and, specifically, whether they play any functional part during embryonic morphogenesis. Here, by combining direct in vivo measurements of tissue mechanics with analysis of cellular dynamics, we show that during vertebrate body axis elongation, posterior tissues undergo a jamming transition from a fluid-like behaviour at the extending end, the mesodermal progenitor zone, to a solid-like behaviour in the presomitic mesoderm. We uncover an anteroposterior, N-cadherin-dependent gradient in yield stress that provides increasing mechanical integrity to the presomitic mesoderm, consistent with the tissue transiting from a wetter to a dryer foam-like architecture. Our results show that cell-scale stresses fluctuate rapidly (within about 1 min), enabling cell rearrangements and effectively ‘melting’ the tissue at the growing end. Persistent (more than 0.5 h) stresses at supracellular scales, rather than cell-scale stresses, guide morphogenetic flows in fluid-like tissue regions. Unidirectional axis extension is sustained by the reported rigidification of the presomitic mesoderm, which mechanically supports posterior, fluid-like tissues during remodelling before their maturation. The spatiotemporal control of fluid-like and solid-like tissue states may represent a generic physical mechanism of embryonic morphogenesis.